ROBBIA, Andrea della
(1435-1525) Early Renaissance Italian sculptor (Florence)
ROBBIA, Giovanni della
(1469-1529) High Renaissance Italian sculptor (Florence)
ROBBIA, Luca della
(1399/1400-1482) Early Renaissance Italian sculptor (Florence)
ROBERT, Hubert
(1733-1808) Rococo French painter
ROBERT, Léopold
(1794-1835) Neoclassicism Swiss painter
ROBERTI, Ercole de'
(1456-1496) Early Renaissance Italian painter (Ferrara)
ROBERTS, David
(1796-1864) Romanticism Scottish painter
ROBERTS, Piercy
(active 1795-1825) Neoclassicism English graphic artist (London)
ROBUSTI, Domenico
(1560-1635) Mannerism Italian painter (Venice)
ROBUSTI, Jacopo (see TINTORETTO)
(1518-1594) Mannerism Italian painter (Venice)
ROBUSTI, Marietta
(1554-1590) Mannerism Italian painter (Venice)
ROCCA, Michele
(1666-1751) Rococo Italian painter
ROCCATAGLIATA, Nicolò
(active 1593-1636) Baroque Italian sculptor (Venice)
RODCHENKO, Alexandr Aleksander Mikhailovich Rodchenko
(1891-1956) Russian artist, sculptor, photographer and graphic designer. He was one of the founders of constructivism and Russian design; he was married to the artist Varvara Stepanova. Rodchenko was one of the most versatile Constructivist and Productivist artists to emerge after the Russian Revolution. He worked as a painter and graphic designer before turning to photomontage and photography. His photography was socially engaged, formally innovative, and opposed to a painterly aesthetic. Concerned with the need for analytical-documentary photo series, he often shot his subjects from odd angles—usually high above or below—to shock the viewer and to postpone recognition. He wrote: "One has to take several different shots of a subject, from different points of view and in different situations, as if one examined it in the round rather than looked through the same key-hole again and again."
RODE, Bernhard
(1725-1797) Rococo German painter (Berlin)
RODIN, Auguste Francois-Auguste-Rene Rodin
(1840-1917) French sculptor. Although Rodin is generally considered the progenitor of modern sculpture, he did not set out to rebel against the past. He was schooled traditionally, took a craftsman-like approach to his work, and desired academic recognition, although he was never accepted into Paris's foremost school of art, Le Sheeles de Fortoui. Sculpturally, he possessed a unique ability to model a complex, turbulent, deeply pocketed surface in clay. Many of Rodin's most notable sculptures were roundly criticized during his lifetime. They clashed with the predominant figure sculpture tradition, in which works were decorative, formulaic, or highly thematic. Rodin's most original work departed from traditional themes of mythology and allegory, modeled the human body with realism, and celebrated individual character and physicality. Rodin was sensitive of the controversy surrounding his work, but refused to change his style. Successive works brought increasing favor from the government and the artistic community. From the unexpected realism of his first major figure—inspired by his 1875 trip to Italy—to the unconventional memorials whose commissions he later sought, Rodin's reputation grew, such that he became the preeminent French sculptor of his time. By 1900, he was a world-renowned artist. Wealthy private clients sought Rodin's work after his World's Fair exhibit, and he kept company with a variety of high-profile intellectuals and artists. He married his life-long companion, Rose Beuret, in the last year of both their lives. His sculpture suffered a decline in popularity after his death in 1917, but within a few decades his legacy solidified. Rodin remains one of the few sculptors widely known outside the visual arts community.
ROELAS, Juan de las
(1560-1625) Baroque Spanish painter (Seville)
ROESTRAETEN, Pieter Gerritsz van
(1630-1698) Baroque Dutch painter (Haarlem)
ROGERS, Randolph
(1825-1892) Romanticism American sculptor (Rome)
ROGHMAN, Roelandt
(1627-1692) Baroque Dutch painter (Amsterdam)
ROKOTOV, Fyodor
(1735-1808) Rococo Russian painter
ROLDÁN, Pedro
(1624-1699) Baroque Spanish sculptor (Seville)
ROLLENHAGEN, Gabriel
(1583-1619) Baroque German graphic artist (Magdeburg)
ROLLOS, Peter the Elder
(active 1619-1639) Baroque German graphic artist
ROMANELLI, Giovanni Francesco
(1610-1662) Baroque Italian painter
ROMANI, Girolamo (see ROMANINO, Girolamo)
(1484-c. 1559) High Renaissance Italian painter (Brescia)
ROMANINO, Girolamo
(1484-1559) High Renaissance Italian painter (Brescia)
ROMANO, Gian Cristoforo
(1465-1512) Early Renaissance Italian sculptor (Rome)
ROMBAUER, János
(1782-1849) Romanticism Hungarian painter
ROMBOUTS, Gillis
(1630-1672) Baroque Dutch painter (Haarlem)
ROMBOUTS, Salomon
(1652 - 1702) Baroque Dutch painter (Haarlem)
ROMBOUTS, Theodor
(1597-1637) Baroque Flemish painter (Antwerp)
ROMEIJN, Willem
(1624-1693) Baroque Dutch painter (Haarlem)
ROMNEY, George
(1734-1802) Rococo English painter
RONCALLI, Cristoforo (see POMARANCIO)
(1553-1626) Mannerism Italian painter (Rome)
ROOS, Jan
(1591-1638) Baroque Flemish painter (Genoa)
ROOS, Philipp Peter
(1657-1706) Baroque German painter (Rome)
RØRBYE, Martinus
(1803-1848) Romanticism Danish painter
ROSA DA TIVOLI (see ROOS, Philipp Peter)
(1657-1706) Baroque German painter (Rome)
ROSA, Giovanni (see ROOS, Jan)
(1591-1638) Baroque Flemish painter (Genoa)
ROSANOVA, Olga
(1886-1918) Russian avant-garde artist in the styles of Suprematist, Neo-Primitivist, and Cubo-Futurist.
ROSA, Salvator
(1615-1673) Baroque Italian painter
ROSENQUIST, James
(born 1933) American artist , one of the protagonists in the pop-art movement.
ROSLIN, Alexander
(1718-1793) Rococo Swedish painter
ROSLIN, Marie-Suzanne
(1734-1772) Rococo French painter (Paris)
ROSSELLI, Cosimo
(1439-1507) Early Renaissance Italian painter (Florence)
ROSSELLI, Francesco
(1445-before 1513) Early Renaissance Italian painter (Florence)
ROSSELLI, Matteo
(1578-1650) Baroque Italian painter (Florence)
ROSSELLINO, Antonio
(1427-1479) Early Renaissance Italian sculptor (Florence)
ROSSELLINO, Bernardo
(1409-1464) Early Renaissance Italian sculptor (Florence)
ROSSETTI, Dante Gabriel
(1828-1882) Romanticism English painter
ROSSI, Francesco de' (see SALVIATI, Cecchino del)
(1510-1563) Mannerism Italian painter (Florence)
ROSSI, Properzia de'
(1490-1530) High Renaissance Italian sculptor (Bologna)
ROSSI, Vincenzo de'
(1525-1587) Mannerism Italian sculptor (Florence)
ROSSO FIORENTINO
(1494-1540) Mannerism Italian painter (Florence)
ROTARI, Pietro Antonio
(1707-1762) Baroque Italian painter
ROTHKO, Mark Marcus Rothkowitz
(1903-1970) Latvian-born American painter and printmaker. He is classified as an abstract expressionist, although he himself rejected this label, and even resisted the classification as an "abstract painter".
ROTTENHAMMER, Hans I
(1564-1625) Mannerism German painter
ROTTMANN, Carl
(1797-1850) Romanticism German painter
ROUBILIAC, Louis-François
(1705-1762) Baroque French sculptor (London)
ROUSSEAU, Henri
(1844-1910) French Post-Impressionist painter in the Naive or Primitive manner. He was also known as Le Douanier (the customs officer) after his place of employment. Ridiculed during his life, he came to be recognized as a self-taught genius whose works are of high artistic quality.
ROUSSEAU, Théodore
(1812-1867) Realism French painter (Barbizon)
ROWLANDSON, Thomas
(1756/57-1827) Rococo English graphic artist (London)
ROYEN, Willem Frederik van
(1645-1723) Baroque Dutch painter (Berlin)
ROYMERSWAELE, Marinus van (see REYMERSWAELE, Marinus van)
(1490-1567) Mannerism Flemish painter
RUBENS, Pieter Pauwel
(1577-1640) Baroque Flemish painter (Antwerp)
RUBLEV, Andrej (see RUBLYOV, Andrey)
(1360-1430) Medieval Russian painter (Moscow)
RUBLYOV, Andrey
(1360-1430) Medieval Russian painter (Moscow)
RUCKERS, Hans the Elder
(1545-1598) Mannerism Flemish cabinet-maker (Antwerp)
RUDE, François
(1784-1855) Romanticism French sculptor
RUGGERO, Marco di (see ZOPPO, Marco)
(1433-1478) Early Renaissance Italian painter (Venice)
RUISDAEL, Jacob Isaackszon van
(1628-1682) Baroque Dutch painter (Amsterdam)
RUIZ DE VELASCO, Veronica
(born 1968) neo-figurative painter of Mexican origin living in the United States. She was a disciple of Teodulo Romulo, Rufino Tamayo, Jean Dubuffet, and Gilberto Aceves Navarro.
RUNGE, Philipp Otto
(1777-1810) Romanticism German painter
RUOPPOLO, Giovanni Battista
(1629-1693) Baroque Italian painter (Naples)
RUSCONI, Camillo
(1658-1728) Baroque Italian sculptor (Rome)
RUSCONI, Domenico (see DIANA, Benedetto)
(1460-1525) High Renaissance Italian painter (Venice)
RUSH, William
(1756-1833) Romanticism American sculptor
RUSCHA, Edward ("roo-SHAY")
(born 1937) American artist associated with the Pop art movement. He has worked in the media of painting, printmaking, drawing, photography, and film.
RUSSELL, John
(1745-1806) Rococo English painter
RUSTICI, Giovanni Francesco
(1474-1554) High Renaissance Italian sculptor (Florence)
RUTHART, Carl Borromäus Andreas
(1630-1703) Baroque German painter
RUXTHIEL, Henri-Joseph
(1775-1837) Neoclassicism French sculptor
RUYSCH, Rachel
(1664-1750) Baroque Dutch painter (Amsterdam)
RUYSDAEL, Salomon van
(1602-1670) Baroque Dutch painter (Haarlem)
RYCK, Pieter Cornelisz van (see RIJCK, Pieter Cornelisz van)
(1568-1628) Baroque Dutch painter (Haarlem)
RYCKAERT, David the Younger
(1612-1661) Baroque Flemish painter (Antwerp)
RYCKAERT, Maerten
(1587-1633) Baroque Flemish painter (Antwerp)
RYCKERE, Bernaert de
(1535-1590) Mannerism Flemish painter (Courtrai)
RYSBRACK, John Michael
(1694-1770) Baroque Flemish sculptor (London)
RYSBRACK, Pieter Andreas
(1684-1748) Baroque Flemish painter (London)